Volume 20, Issue 3

A system for the computerized analysis of images obtained from epiluminescence microscopy (ELM) has been developed to enhance the early recognition of malignant melanoma. As an initial step, the binary mask of the skin lesion is determined by several basic segmentation algorithms together with a fusion strategy. A set of features containing shape and radiometric features as well as local and global parameters is calculated to describe the malignancy of a lesion. Significant features are then selected from this set by application of statistical feature subset selection methods. The final kNN classification delivers a sensitivity of 87% with a specificity of 92%.

开发了一套用于计算机分析表面发光显微镜（ELM）图像的系统，以增强恶性黑色素瘤的早期识别。作为初始步骤，通过几种基本分割算法和融合策略确定皮肤病变的二进制掩模。计算包含形状和辐射特征以及局部和全局参数的一组特征，以描述病变的恶性程度。然后通过应用统计特征子集选择方法从该组中选择显著特征。最终的kNN分类实现了87%的灵敏度和92%的特异性。

This paper focuses on extracting the ideal midsagittal plane (iMSP) from three-dimensional (3-D) normal and pathological neuroimages. The main challenges in this work are the structural asymmetry that may exist in pathological brains, and the anisotropic, unevenly sampled image data that is common in clinical practice. We present an edge-based, cross-correlation approach that decomposes the plane ...

本文专注于从三维（3D）正常和病理神经影像中提取理想正中矢状面（iMSP）。本工作的主要挑战是病理大脑中可能存在的结构不对称性，以及临床实践中常见的各向异性、不均匀采样的图像数据。我们提出了一种基于边缘的互相关方法，该方法将平面分解...

A maximum-likelihood (ML) expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm (called EM-IntraSPECT) is presented for simultaneously estimating single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) emission and attenuation parameters from emission data alone. The algorithm uses the activity within the patient as transmission tomography sources, with which attenuation coefficients can he estimated. For this initi...

提出了一种最大似然期望最大化算法（称为EM-IntraSPECT），用于仅从发射数据同时估计单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）的发射和衰减参数。该算法利用患者体内的放射性活度作为透射断层扫描源，从而可以估计衰减系数。

Most current efforts in near-infrared optical tomography are effectively limited to two-dimensional reconstructions due to the computationally intensive nature of full three-dimensional (3-D) data inversion. Previously, we described a new computationally efficient and statistically powerful inversion method APPRIZE (automatic progressive parameter-reducing inverse zonation and estimation). The APP...

目前大多数近红外光学断层成像的研究实际上局限于二维重建，因为全三维数据反演的计算量很大。此前，我们描述了一种新的计算高效且统计上强大的反演方法APPRIZE（自动渐进参数缩减逆分区与估计）。APP...

A three-dimensional (3-D) elastic registration algorithm has been developed to find a veridical transformation that maps activation patterns from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments onto a 3-D high-resolution anatomical dataset. The proposed algorithm uses trilinear Bezier-splines and a 3-D voxel-based optimization technique to determine the transformation that maps the functi...

已开发出一种三维（3-D）弹性配准算法，用于找到一种真实变换，将功能磁共振成像（fMRI）实验的激活模式映射到三维高分辨率解剖数据集上。该算法使用三线性贝塞尔样条和基于三维体素的优化技术来确定映射功能的变换。

We describe an efficient algorithm for the step-down permutation test, applied to the analysis of functional magnetic resonance images. The algorithm's time bound is nearly linear, making it feasible as an interactive tool. Results of the permutation test algorithm applied to data from a cognitive activation paradigm are compared with those of a standard parametric test corrected for multiple comp...

我们描述了一种用于逐步下降置换检验的高效算法，并将其应用于功能磁共振图像分析。该算法的时间复杂度接近线性，因此可作为交互式工具使用。将置换检验算法应用于认知激活范式数据的结果与经多重比较校正的标准参数检验结果进行了比较。

Look-up tables (LUTs) are a common method for increasing the speed of many algorithms. Their use can be extended to the reconstruction of nonuniformly sampled k-space data using either a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) algorithm or a convolution-based gridding algorithm. A table for the DFT would be precalculated arrays of weights describing how each data point affects all of image space. A table...

查找表（LUT）是一种常见的加速许多算法的方法。其使用可以扩展到使用离散傅里叶变换（DFT）算法或基于卷积的网格化算法重建非均匀采样的K空间数据。DFT的表将是预先计算的权重数组，描述每个数据点如何影响整个图像空间。一个表...

Quantitative measurement of tumor blood flow with [/sup 15/O] water can be used to evaluate the effects of tumor treatment over time. Since quantitative flow measurements require an input function, we developed the profile fitting method (PFM) to measure the input function from positron emission tomography images of the aorta. First, a [/sup 11/C] CO scan was acquired and the aorta region was anal...

使用[15O]水定量测量肿瘤血流量可用于随时间评估肿瘤治疗效果。由于定量血流测量需要输入函数，我们开发了轮廓拟合法（PFM）从主动脉的正电子发射断层扫描图像中测量输入函数。首先，获取[11C]CO扫描，并分析主动脉区域...

A contrast detail analysis was performed to compare perception of low-contrast details on X-ray images derived from digital storage phosphor radiography and from a flat panel detector system based on a cesium iodide/amorphous silicon matrix. The CDRAD 2.0 phantom was used to perform a comparative contrast detail analysis of a clinical storage phosphor radiography system and an indirect type digita...

进行了一项对比细节分析，以比较源自数字存储磷光体射线摄影系统和基于碘化铯/非晶硅矩阵的平板探测器系统的X射线图像中低对比度细节的感知。使用CDRAD 2.0体模对临床存储磷光体射线摄影系统和间接型数字...

This editorial introduces Book Reviews as a new publication category for the IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging (T-MI). Recent progress in establishment of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering is summarized. An Institute of Medicine report on emerging technologies for breast cancer detection and screening is announced.

这篇社论介绍了《IEEE医学影像汇刊》（T-MI）的新出版物类别——书评。总结了美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）国家生物医学影像与生物工程研究所（NIBIB）的近期进展。并宣布了美国医学研究所（IOM）关于乳腺癌检测与筛查新兴技术的报告。