Volume 26, Issue 9

In this paper, we propose an innovative approach to the segmentation of tubular structures. This approach combines all of the benefits of minimal path techniques such as global minimizers, fast computation, and powerful incorporation of user input, while also having the capability to represent and detect vessel surfaces directly which so far has been a feature restricted to active contour and surface techniques. The key is to represent the trajectory of a tubular structure not as a 3-D curve but to go up a dimension and represent the entire structure as a 4-D curve. Then we are able to fully exploit minimal path techniques to obtain global minimizing trajectories between two user supplied endpoints in order to reconstruct tubular structures from noisy or low contrast 3-D data without the sensitivity to local minima inherent in most active surface techniques. In contrast to standard purely spatial 3-D minimal path techniques, however, we are able to represent a full tubular surface rather than just a curve which runs through its interior. Our representation also yields a natural notion of a tube's "central curve." We demonstrate and validate the utility of this approach on magnetic resonance (MR) angiography and computed tomography (CT) images of coronary arteries.

本文提出了一种创新的管状结构分割方法。该方法结合了最小路径技术的所有优点，如全局最优解、快速计算以及强大的用户输入整合能力，同时还能直接表示和检测血管表面，这迄今为止一直是主动轮廓和表面技术的专属功能。关键在于将管状结构的轨迹视为一条四维曲线，而非三维曲线，从而能够充分利用最小路径技术，在用户指定的两个端点之间获得全局最优轨迹，以从噪声或低对比度的三维数据中重建管状结构，而不会像大多数主动表面技术那样对局部最小值敏感。然而，与标准纯空间三维最小路径技术相比，我们能够表示完整的管状表面，而不仅仅是穿过其内部的曲线。我们的表示还自然导出了管状结构的“中心曲线”概念。我们通过冠状动脉的磁共振血管成像和计算机断层扫描图像验证了该方法的有用性。

Real-time 3-D echocardiography opens up the possibility of interactive, fast 3-D analysis of cardiac anatomy and function. However, at the present time its quantitative power cannot be fully exploited due to the limited quality of the images. In this paper, we present an algorithm to register apical and parasternal echocardiographic datasets that uses a new similarity measure, based on local orien...

实时三维超声心动图使得交互式、快速的心脏解剖和功能三维分析成为可能。然而，目前由于图像质量有限，其定量能力无法得到充分利用。在本文中，我们提出了一种算法，用于配准心尖和胸骨旁超声心动图数据集，该算法使用一种基于局部方向的新相似性度量...

This paper presents a novel method for Bayesian denoising of magnetic resonance (MR) images that bootstraps itself by inferring the prior, i.e., the uncorrupted-image statistics, from the corrupted input data and the knowledge of the Rician noise model. The proposed method relies on principles from empirical Bayes (EB) estimation. It models the prior in a nonparametric Markov random field (MRF) fr...

本文提出了一种新颖的贝叶斯去噪方法，用于磁共振（MR）图像，该方法通过从受损输入数据和Rician噪声模型知识中推断先验（即未受损图像统计）来自举。所提出的方法依赖于经验贝叶斯（EB）估计原理。它在一个非参数马尔可夫随机场（MRF）框架中建模先验。

Rupture of intracranial saccular aneurysms is the most common cause of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage, which has significant morbidity and mortality. Although there is still controversy regarding the decision on which unruptured aneurysms should be treated, this is based primarily on their size. Nonetheless, many large lesions do not rupture whereas some small ones do. It is commonly accepted...

颅内囊状动脉瘤破裂是自发性蛛网膜下腔出血最常见的原因，具有显著的发病率和死亡率。尽管关于哪些未破裂动脉瘤应接受治疗的决定仍存在争议，但主要基于其大小。然而，许多大的病变不会破裂，而一些小的却会破裂。普遍认为...

We introduce an algorithm for segmenting brain magnetic resonance (MR) images into anatomical compartments such as the major tissue classes and neuro-anatomical structures of the gray matter. The algorithm is guided by prior information represented within a tree structure. The tree mirrors the hierarchy of anatomical structures and the subtrees correspond to limited segmentation problems. The solu...

我们介绍了一种算法，用于将脑磁共振（MR）图像分割成解剖分区，例如主要组织类别和灰质的神经解剖结构。该算法由树结构中表示的先验信息引导。该树反映了解剖结构的层次结构，子树对应于有限的分割问题。该解决方案...

This paper presents a method for 3-D deformation recovery of the left ventricular (LV) wall from anatomical cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The method is based on a deformable model that is incompressible, a desired property since the myocardium has been shown to be nearly incompressible. The LV wall needs to be segmented in an initial frame after which the method automatically determines t...

本文提出了一种从解剖学电影磁共振成像（MRI）中恢复左心室（LV）壁三维变形的方法。该方法基于一个不可压缩的可变形模型，这是一个理想的特性，因为心肌已被证明几乎是不可压缩的。左心室壁需要在初始帧中进行分割，之后该方法自动确定...

Accurate detection of vessel boundaries is particularly important for a precise extraction of vasculatures in magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). In this paper, we propose the use of weighted local variance (WLV)-based edge detection scheme for vessel boundary detection in MRA. The proposed method is robust against changes of intensity contrast of edges and capable of giving high detection respo...

准确检测血管边界对于磁共振血管成像（MRA）中血管的精确提取尤为重要。本文提出使用基于加权局部方差（WLV）的边缘检测方案用于MRA中的血管边界检测。该方法对边缘强度对比度的变化具有鲁棒性，并且能够给出高检测响应...

Nonrigid medical image registration between images that are linked by an invertible transformation is an inherently symmetric problem. The transformation that registers the image pair should ideally be the inverse of the transformation that registers the pair with the order of images interchanged. This property is referred to as symmetry in registration or inverse consistent registration. However,...

由可逆变换关联的图像之间的非刚性医学图像配准本质上是一个对称问题。理想情况下，配准图像对的变换应是交换图像顺序后配准该对的变换的逆变换。这一特性称为配准的对称性或逆一致性配准。然而，...

Group studies of functional magnetic resonance imaging datasets are usually based on the computation of the mean signal across subjects at each voxel (random effects analyses), assuming that all subjects have been set in the same anatomical space (normalization). Although this approach allows for a correct specificity (rate of false detections), it is not very efficient for three reasons: i) its u...

功能磁共振成像数据集的组研究通常基于每个体素上跨受试者的平均信号计算（随机效应分析），假设所有受试者已被置于相同的解剖空间（标准化）。虽然这种方法能够保证正确的特异性（错误检测率），但它效率不高，原因有三：i）其u...

Establishing spatial correspondence between features visible in X-ray mammograms obtained at different times has great potential to aid assessment and quantitation of change in the breast indicative of malignancy. The literature contains numerous non- rigid registration algorithms developed for this purpose, but existing approaches are flawed by the assumption of inappropriate 2-D transformation m...

建立不同时间获取的X射线乳腺摄影图像中可见特征之间的空间对应关系，对于辅助评估和量化指示恶性变化的乳房改变具有巨大潜力。文献包含为此目的开发的许多非刚性配准算法，但现有方法因假设不适当的二维变换而存在缺陷...

The continuous medial representation (cm-rep) is an approach that makes it possible to model, normalize, and analyze anatomical structures on the basis of medial geometry. Having recently presented a partial differential equation (PDE)-based approach for 3-D cm-rep modeling [1], here we present an equivalent 2-D approach that involves solving an ordinary differential equation. This paper derives a...

连续中轴表示（cm-rep）是一种基于中轴几何对解剖结构进行建模、归一化及分析的方法。在最近提出基于偏微分方程（PDE）的三维cm-rep建模方法[1]后，本文提出了一种等效的二维方法，通过求解常微分方程实现。本文推导了...

We propose an optimization algorithm to solve the brachytherapy seed localization problem in prostate brachytherapy. Our algorithm is based on novel geometric approaches to exploit the special structure of the problem and relies on a number of key observations which help us formulate the optimization problem as a minimization integer program (IP). Our IP model precisely defines the feasibility pol...

我们提出了一种优化算法来解决前列腺近距离放疗中的种子定位问题。我们的算法基于新颖的几何方法，利用问题的特殊结构，并依赖于一些关键观察，这些观察帮助我们优化问题表述为最小化整数规划（IP）。我们的IP模型精确定义了可行性域...

In this paper, we propose a technique for detecting pockets on a surface-of-interest. A sequence of propagating fronts converging to the target surface is used as the basis for inspection. We compute a correspondence function between the initial and the target surface. This leads to a natural definition of the local feature size measured as the evolution distance between mapped points. Surface poc...

在本文中，我们提出了一种检测感兴趣表面上口袋的技术。一系列传播到目标表面的传播前沿被用作检查的基础。我们计算初始表面和目标表面之间的对应函数。这导致了对局部特征尺寸的自然定义，该尺寸被测量为映射点之间的演化距离。表面口袋...

The thirteen articles in this special issue are devoted to mathematical analysis of biomedical imaging processes and systems.

本期特刊的十三篇文章致力于生物医学成像过程和系统的数学分析。

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本页或这些页故意留空。

Presents the table of contents for this issue of the periodical.

介绍本期刊本期的目录。

Provides instructions and guidelines to prospective authors who wish to submit manuscripts.

为有意投稿的作者提供指导方针和提交稿件的说明。

Provides a listing of current staff, committee members and society officers.

提供当前工作人员、委员会成员和学会官员的列表。