Volume 29, Issue 9

Based on the Fourier transform relation between diffusion magnetic resonance (MR) signals and the underlying diffusion displacement, a new relation is derived to estimate the spin distribution function (SDF) directly from diffusion MR signals. This relation leads to an imaging method called generalized q -sampling imaging (GQI), which can obtain the SDF from the shell sampling scheme used in q -ball imaging (QBI) or the grid sampling scheme used in diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI). The accuracy of GQI was evaluated by a simulation study and an in vivo experiment in comparison with QBI and DSI. The simulation results showed that the accuracy of GQI was comparable to that of QBI and DSI. The simulation study of GQI also showed that an anisotropy index, named quantitative anisotropy, was correlated with the volume fraction of the resolved fiber component. The in vivo images of GQI demonstrated that SDF patterns were similar to the ODFs reconstructed by QBI or DSI. The tractography generated from GQI was also similar to those generated from QBI and DSI. In conclusion, the proposed GQI method can be applied to grid or shell sampling schemes and can provide directional and quantitative information about the crossing fibers.

基于扩散磁共振（MR）信号与潜在扩散位移之间的傅里叶变换关系，推导出一个新的关系式，可直接从扩散MR信号估计自旋分布函数（SDF）。这一关系引出了一项称为广义q-采样成像（GQI）的成像方法，该方法可以从q-球成像（QBI）中使用的壳采样方案或扩散频谱成像（DSI）中使用的网格采样方案获得SDF。通过仿真研究和与QBI及DSI的体内实验比较，评估了GQI的准确性。仿真结果表明，GQI的准确性与QBI和DSI相当。GQI的仿真研究还显示，一个名为定量各向异性的各向异性指数与所解析纤维成分的体积分数相关。GQI的体内图像显示，SDF模式与QBI或DSI重建的ODF相似。从GQI生成的纤维追踪也与从QBI和DSI生成的相似。总之，所提出的GQI方法可应用于网格或壳采样方案，并能提供关于交叉纤维的方向和定量信息。

We describe a technique that uses tractography to drive the local fiber model estimation. Existing techniques use independent estimation at each voxel so there is no running knowledge of confidence in the estimated model fit. We formulate fiber tracking as recursive estimation: at each step of tracing the fiber, the current estimate is guided by those previous. To do this we perform tractography w...

我们描述了一种利用纤维束成像驱动局部纤维模型估计的技术。现有技术在每个体素处独立估计，因此没有对估计模型拟合置信度的持续了解。我们将纤维追踪视为递归估计：在追踪纤维的每一步，当前估计由之前的估计引导。为此，我们执行纤维束成像...

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has become a routine modality for the determination of patient cardiac morphology. The extraction of this information can be important for the development of new clinical applications as well as the planning and guidance of cardiac interventional procedures. To avoid inter- and intra-observer variability of manual delineation, it is highly desirable to develop an au...

磁共振成像已成为确定患者心脏形态的常规方式。提取这些信息对于开发新的临床应用以及心脏介入手术的规划和指导可能很重要。为了避免手动勾画的观察者间和观察者内变异性，非常希望开发一种自动...

As decisions in cardiology increasingly rely on noninvasive methods, fast and precise image processing tools have become a crucial component of the analysis workflow. To the best of our knowledge, we propose the first automatic system for patient-specific modeling and quantification of the left heart valves, which operates on cardiac computed tomography (CT) and transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE...

随着心脏病学决策越来越依赖无创方法，快速精确的图像处理工具已成为分析工作流程的关键组成部分。据我们所知，我们提出了首个用于左心瓣膜患者特异性建模与量化的自动系统，该系统基于心脏计算机断层扫描（CT）和经食管超声心动图（TEE...

The shape of the mitral valve annulus is used in diagnostic and modeling applications, yet methods to accurately and reproducibly delineate the annulus are limited. This paper presents a mitral annulus segmentation algorithm designed for closed mitral valves which locates the annulus in three-dimensional ultrasound using only a single user-specified point near the center of the valve. The algorith...

二尖瓣环的形状用于诊断和建模应用，然而精确且可重复地勾画瓣环的方法有限。本文提出了一种针对闭合二尖瓣的瓣环分割算法，该算法仅需用户在瓣膜中心附近指定一个点，即可在三维超声中定位瓣环。该算法...

In the field of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) surgery, surgical planning can be performed on composite 3-D models that are generated by merging a computerized tomography scan with digital dental models. Digital dental models can be generated by scanning the surfaces of plaster dental models or dental impressions with a high-resolution laser scanner. During the planning process, one of the essential st...

在颅颌面（CMF）外科领域，手术规划可以在通过融合计算机断层扫描与数字牙齿模型生成的复合三维模型上进行。数字牙齿模型可通过使用高分辨率激光扫描仪扫描石膏牙齿模型或牙印模的表面生成。在规划过程中，一个关键的步骤是...

In this paper, we present a novel and effective method for registering histological slices of a mouse brain to reconstruct a 3-D volume. First, intensity variations in images are corrected through an intensity standardization process so that intensity values remain constant across slices. Second, the image space is transformed to a feature space where continuous variables are taken as high fidelit...

本文提出了一种新颖有效的方法，用于配准小鼠大脑的组织学切片以重建三维体积。首先，通过强度标准化过程校正图像中的强度变化，使得切片间的强度值保持一致。其次，将图像空间转换到特征空间，其中连续变量被视为高保真...

The general linear model (GLM) is a well established tool for analyzing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. Most fMRI analyses via GLM proceed in a massively univariate fashion where the same design matrix is used for analyzing data from each voxel. A major limitation of this approach is the locally varying nature of signals of interest as well as associated confounds. This local va...

一般线性模型（GLM）是分析功能磁共振成像（fMRI）数据的一个成熟工具。大多数通过GLM进行的fMRI分析以大规模单变量方式进行，其中使用相同的设计矩阵来分析每个体素的数据。这种方法的一个主要局限性是感兴趣信号以及相关混杂因素的局部变化性质。这种局部变化...

In the above titled paper (ibid., vol. 29, no. 7, pp. 1333-1350), there were errors in equations (7) and (16). The corrected equations are presented here.

在上述标题论文（同上，第29卷，第7期，第1333-1350页）中，方程（7）和（16）存在错误。此处给出修正后的方程。

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