Volume 33, Issue 9

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is increasingly being used to assess brain growth and development in infants. Such studies are often based on quantitative analysis of anatomical segmentations of brain MR images. However, the large changes in brain shape and appearance associated with development, the lower signal to noise ratio and partial volume effects in the neonatal brain present challenges for automatic segmentation of neonatal MR imaging data. In this study, we propose a framework for accurate intensity-based segmentation of the developing neonatal brain, from the early preterm period to term-equivalent age, into 50 brain regions. We present a novel segmentation algorithm that models the intensities across the whole brain by introducing a structural hierarchy and anatomical constraints. The proposed method is compared to standard atlas-based techniques and improves label overlaps with respect to manual reference segmentations. We demonstrate that the proposed technique achieves highly accurate results and is very robust across a wide range of gestational ages, from 24 weeks gestational age to term-equivalent age.

磁共振成像越来越被用于评估婴儿的大脑生长和发育。这类研究通常基于对脑部MRI图像解剖分割的定量分析。然而，与发育相关的大脑形状和外观的巨大变化、新生儿大脑中较低的信噪比和部分容积效应，给新生儿MRI数据的自动分割带来了挑战。在这项研究中，我们提出了一个框架，用于对发育中的新生儿大脑（从早期早产期到足月等效年龄）进行精确的基于强度的分割，将其划分为50个脑区。我们提出了一种新颖的分割算法，通过引入结构层次和解剖约束来建模整个大脑的强度。将该方法与标准图谱基技术进行比较，并改进与手动参考分割的标签重叠。我们证明，该技术实现了高度精确的结果，并且在从24周胎龄到足月等效年龄的广泛胎龄范围内非常稳健。

Magnetic resonance parameter mapping (e.g., T1 mapping, T2 mapping, T2* mapping) is a valuable tool for tissue characterization. However, its practical utility has been limited due to long data acquisition time. This paper addresses this problem with a new model-based parameter mapping method. The proposed method utilizes a formulation that integrates the explicit signal model with sparsity constr...

磁共振参数映射（例如T1映射、T2映射、T2*映射）是组织表征的一种有价值的工具。然而，由于数据采集时间长，其实用性受到限制。本文通过一种新的基于模型的参数映射方法解决了这一问题。所提出的方法利用了一种将显式信号模型与稀疏约束相结合的公式化方法...

Lung field segmentation in the posterior–anterior (PA) chest radiograph is important for pulmonary disease diagnosis and hemodialysis treatment. Due to high shape variation and boundary ambiguity, accurate lung field segmentation from chest radiograph is still a challenging task. To tackle these challenges, we propose a joint shape and appearance sparse learning method for robust and accurate lung...

后前位（PA）胸片中的肺野分割对于肺部疾病诊断和血液透析治疗至关重要。由于形状变化大和边界模糊，从胸片中准确分割肺野仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务。为了应对这些挑战，我们提出了一种联合形状和外观稀疏学习的方法，以实现鲁棒且准确的肺野分割。

In designing large-sized volume type phased array coils for human head imaging at ultrahigh fields, e.g., 7T, minimizing electromagnetic coupling among array elements is technically challenging. A new decoupling method based on induced current compensation or elimination (ICE) for a microstrip line planar array has recently been proposed. In this study, an eight-channel transmit/receive volume arr...

在设计用于超高场（如7T）人头成像的大尺寸容积型相控阵线圈时，最小化阵列元件之间的电磁耦合在技术上具有挑战性。最近提出了一种新的基于感应电流补偿或消除（ICE）的微带线平面阵列去耦方法。在本研究中，一个八通道发射/接收容积阵...

While tomographic imaging of cardiac structure and kinetics has improved substantially, electrophysiological mapping of the heart is still restricted to the surface with little or no depth information beneath. The progress in reconstructing 3-D action potential from surface voltage data has been hindered by the intrinsic ill-posedness of the problem and the lack of a unique solution in the absence...

虽然心脏结构和动力学的断层成像已有显著改进，但心脏的电生理标测仍局限于表面，几乎没有或完全没有深层信息。从体表电压数据重建三维动作电位的进展受到问题内在的不适定性和缺乏唯一解的阻碍……

This paper proposes a novel theoretical framework to model and analyze the statistical characteristics of a wide range of segmentation methods that incorporate a database of label maps or atlases; such methods are termed as label fusion or multiatlas segmentation. We model these multiatlas segmentation problems as nonparametric regression problems in the high-dimensional space of image patches. We...

本文提出了一种新的理论框架，用于建模和分析一系列结合标签图或图谱数据库的分割方法的统计特性；这些方法被称为标签融合或多图谱分割。我们将这些多图谱分割问题建模为图像块高维空间中的非参数回归问题。我们...

We developed a combined imaging platform allowing optoacoustic and ultrasound imaging based on a low energy laser and a handheld probe. The device is based on a sensitive single element 35-MHz focused transducer, a 2-D piezoscanner and a dual-wavelength switchable Nd:YAG laser. Acoustical detection and optical illumination are confocal for optimization of optoacoustic signal-to-noise ratio. The sy...

我们开发了一种结合光声和超声成像的成像平台，基于低能量激光和手持探头。该设备基于一个灵敏的35 MHz单元素聚焦换能器、一个二维压电扫描器和一个双波长可调Nd:YAG激光器。声学检测和光学照明共焦以优化光声信噪比。该系统...

Incorporating prior knowledge into image segmentation algorithms has proven useful for obtaining more accurate and plausible results. Two important constraints, containment and exclusion of regions, have gained attention in recent years mainly due to their descriptive power. In this paper, we augment the level set framework with the ability to handle these two intuitive geometric relationships, co...

将先验知识融入图像分割算法已被证明有助于获得更准确和合理的结果。两个重要的约束，区域的包含和排除，近年来主要由于其描述能力而受到关注。在本文中，我们增强了水平集框架，使其能够处理这两种直观的几何关系，共...

A compressed sensing method using a cross sampling and self-calibrated off-resonance correction is proposed. Estimation of the magnetic field inhomogeneity based on image registration enables the off-resonance correction with no additional radio-frequency pulses or acquisitions. In addition to this advantage, a fast and straightforward calculation was achieved by using the first-order components o...

提出了一种使用交叉采样和自校准离共振校正的压缩感知方法。基于图像配准的磁场不均匀性估计使得无需额外的射频脉冲或采集即可进行离共振校正。除了这一优势，通过使用一阶分量实现了快速而简单的计算...

Sources of uncertainty in the boundaries of structures in medical images have motivated the use of probabilistic labels in segmentation applications. An important component in many medical image segmentation tasks is the use of a shape model, often generated by applying statistical techniques to training data. Standard statistical techniques (e.g., principal component analysis) often assume data l...

医学图像中结构边界的不确定性来源促使在分割应用中使用概率标签。许多医学图像分割任务的一个重要组成部分是使用形状模型，该模型通常通过对训练数据应用统计技术来生成。标准统计技术（例如主成分分析）通常假设数据 l...

We propose a method for tracking structures (e.g., ventricles and myocardium) in cardiac images (e.g., magnetic resonance) by propagating forward in time a previous estimate of the structures using a new physically motivated motion estimation scheme. Our method estimates motion by regularizing only within structures so that differing motions among different structures are not mixed. It simultaneou...

我们提出了一种在心脏图像（例如磁共振图像）中跟踪结构（例如心室和心肌）的方法，该方法通过使用一种新的基于物理动机的运动估计方案，将先前对结构的估计随时间向前传播。我们的方法通过仅对结构内部进行正则化来估计运动，从而避免不同结构之间的运动混合。它同时…

Flow diversion is an emerging endovascular treatment option for cerebral aneurysms. Quantitative assessment of hemodynamic changes induced by flow diversion can aid clinical decision making in the treatment of cerebral aneurysms. In this article, besides summarizing past key research efforts, we propose a novel metric for the angiographic assessment of flow diverter deployments in the treatment of...

血流导向是一种新兴的脑动脉瘤血管内治疗选择。定量评估血流导向引起的血流动力学变化有助于脑动脉瘤治疗的临床决策。在本文中，除了总结过去的关键研究工作，我们提出了一种新的指标，用于血管造影评估血流导向装置在治疗中的部署。

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介绍本期期刊的目录。

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本页或这些页有意留白。

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提供当前工作人员、委员会成员和学会官员的列表。

Provides instructions and guidelines to prospective authors who wish to submit manuscripts.

为有意投稿的作者提供说明和指南。