Volume 37, Issue 10

The mathematical problem for electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a highly nonlinear ill-posed inverse problem requiring carefully designed reconstruction procedures to ensure reliable image generation. D-bar methods are based on a rigorous mathematical analysis and provide robust direct reconstructions by using a low-pass filtering of the associated nonlinear Fourier data. Similarly to low-pass filtering of linear Fourier data, only using low frequencies in the image recovery process results in blurred images lacking sharp features, such as clear organ boundaries. Convolutional neural networks provide a powerful framework for post-processing such convolved direct reconstructions. In this paper, we demonstrate that these CNN techniques lead to sharp and reliable reconstructions even for the highly nonlinear inverse problem of EIT. The network is trained on data sets of simulated examples and then applied to experimental data without the need to perform an additional transfer training. Results for absolute EIT images are presented using experimental EIT data from the ACT4 and KIT4 EIT systems.

电阻抗断层成像（EIT）的数学问题是一个高度非线性的不适定逆问题，需要精心设计的重建程序以确保可靠的图像生成。D-bar方法基于严谨的数学分析，通过使用相关非线性傅里叶数据的低通滤波，提供鲁棒的直接重建。与线性傅里叶数据的低通滤波类似，在图像恢复过程中仅使用低频会导致图像模糊，缺乏清晰的器官边界等锐利特征。卷积神经网络为后处理此类卷积直接重建提供了强大的框架。在本文中，我们证明了这些CNN技术即使在EIT的高度非线性逆问题中也能产生清晰可靠的重建。网络在模拟示例数据集上训练，然后应用于实验数据，无需进行额外的迁移训练。展示了使用来自ACT4和KIT4 EIT系统的实验EIT数据的绝对EIT图像结果。

This paper proposes a novel methodology for automatic detection and localization of gastrointestinal (GI) anomalies in endoscopic video frame sequences. Training is performed with weakly annotated images, using only image-level, semantic labels instead of detailed, and pixel-level annotations. This makes it a cost-effective approach for the analysis of large videoendoscopy repositories. Other adva...

本文提出了一种新颖的方法，用于在内窥镜视频帧序列中自动检测和定位胃肠道异常。训练使用弱标注图像进行，仅使用图像级别的语义标签，而不是详细的像素级标注。这使得它成为分析大型视频内窥镜数据库的一种经济高效的方法。其他优...

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is one of the most common outpatient surgical procedures performed in the head and neck region. It is used to treat chronic sinusitis, a disease characterized by inflammation in the nose and surrounding paranasal sinuses, affecting about 15% of the adult population. During FESS, the nasal cavity is visualized using an endoscope, and instruments are used t...

功能性内窥镜鼻窦手术（FESS）是头颈部最常见的门诊外科手术之一，用于治疗慢性鼻窦炎，这是一种以鼻腔及周围副鼻窦炎症为特征的疾病，约影响15%的成年人口。在FESS过程中，使用内窥镜观察鼻腔，并借助器械进行手术……

We introduce a new multi-atlas segmentation (MAS) framework for MR tumor brain images. The basic idea of MAS is to register and fuse label information from multiple normal brain atlases to a new brain image for segmentation. Many MAS methods have been proposed with success. However, most of them are developed for normal brain images, and tumor brain images usually pose a great challenge for them. ...

我们提出了一种新的多图谱分割框架用于MR脑肿瘤图像。多图谱分割的基本思想是将多个正常脑图谱的标签信息配准并融合到新的脑图像上进行分割。许多多图谱分割方法已被提出并取得成功。然而，它们大多是为正常脑图像开发的，脑肿瘤图像通常对它们构成巨大挑战。

Increasing the image quality of positron emission tomography (PET) is an essential topic in the PET community. For instance, thin-pixelated crystals have been used to provide high spatial resolution images but at the cost of sensitivity and manufacture expense. In this paper, we proposed an approach to enhance the PET image resolution and noise property for PET scanners with large pixelated crysta...

提高正电子发射断层扫描（PET）的图像质量是PET领域的一个重要课题。例如，薄像素化晶体已被用于提供高空间分辨率图像，但以牺牲灵敏度和制造成本为代价。在本文中，我们提出了一种方法，用于增强具有大像素化晶体的PET扫描仪的PET图像分辨率和噪声特性...

Measuring cell motility and morphology is important for revealing their functional characteristics. This paper presents automation techniques that enable automated, non-invasive measurement of motility and morphology parameters of single sperm. Compared to the status quo of qualitative estimation of single sperm's motility and morphology manually, the automation techniques provide quantitative dat...

测量细胞运动性和形态对于揭示其功能特征至关重要。本文提出了自动化技术，能够自动、无创地测量单个精子的运动性和形态参数。与目前手动定性估计单个精子运动性和形态的现状相比，自动化技术提供了定量数据...

Ultrasound imaging has indications across many areas of medicine, but the need for training and the variability in skill and acquired image quality among 2-D ultrasound users have limited its wider adoption and utilization. Low-cost volumetric ultrasound with a known frame of reference has the potential to lower these operator-dependent barriers and enhance the clinical utility of ultrasound imagi...

超声成像在医学多个领域有适应症，但培训需求以及二维超声用户之间技能和获取图像质量的差异限制了其更广泛的采用和利用。具有已知参考坐标系的低成本容积超声有可能降低这些操作者依赖的障碍，并增强超声成像的临床实用性...

Corneal endothelium images obtained by in vivo specular microscopy provide important information to assess the health status of the cornea. Estimation of clinical parameters, such as cell density, polymegethism, and pleomorphism, requires accurate cell segmentation. State-of-the-art techniques to automatically segment the endothelium are error-prone when applied to images with low contrast and/or ...

通过体内镜面显微镜获得的角膜内皮图像为评估角膜健康状况提供了重要信息。临床参数的估计，如细胞密度、多形性变化和多形性，需要准确的细胞分割。当应用于低对比度和/或...图像时，自动分割内皮的先进技术容易出错。

Fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT), as a promising imaging modality in preclinical research, can obtain the three-dimensional (3-D) position information of the stem cell in mice. However, because of the ill-posed nature and sensitivity to noise of the inverse problem, it is a challenge to develop a robust reconstruction method, which can accurately locate the stem cells and define the distrib...

荧光分子断层成像（FMT）作为一种有前景的临床前研究成像方式，可以获取小鼠体内干细胞的三维位置信息。然而，由于逆问题的病态性和对噪声的敏感性，开发一种能够准确定位干细胞并定义分布的鲁棒重建方法是一个挑战...

The polychromatic X-ray spectrum and the energy-dependent attenuation coefficient of materials cause beam hardening artifacts in CT reconstructed volumes. These artifacts appear as cupping and streak artifacts depending on the material composition and the geometry of the imaged object. CT scanners employ projection linearization to transform polychromatic attenuation to monochromatic attenuation u...

多色X射线光谱和材料能量依赖性衰减系数会导致CT重建体积中出现束硬化伪影。这些伪影根据材料成分和成像物体的几何形状表现为杯状伪影和条状伪影。CT扫描仪采用投影线性化将多色衰减转换为单色衰减...

In magnetomotive ultrasound (MMUS) imaging, an oscillating external magnetic field displaces tissue loaded with super-paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) particles. The induced motion is on the nanometer scale, which makes its detection and its isolation from background motion challenging. Previously, a frequency and phase locking (FPL) algorithm was used to suppress background motion by subtracting ma...

在磁动超声（MMUS）成像中，振荡的外部磁场使载有超顺磁性氧化铁（SPIO）粒子的组织发生位移。诱导的运动处于纳米尺度，这使得其检测以及从背景运动中分离变得具有挑战性。此前，频率和相位锁定（FPL）算法被用于通过减去多数...

Tracing tubular structures from biomedical images is important for a wide range of applications. Particularly, the spermatozoon is an essential cell whose flagella have a tubular form. Its main function is to fertilize the egg, and the flagellum is fundamental to achieve this task which depends importantly on the dynamics of intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i). Measuring [Ca2+]i along the flagellum in...

从生物医学图像中追踪管状结构对于广泛的应用非常重要。特别是，精子是一种重要的细胞，其鞭毛呈管状。它的主要功能是使卵子受精，而鞭毛是实现这一任务的基础，这很大程度上依赖于细胞内钙离子（[Ca2+]i）的动态变化。沿着鞭毛测量[Ca2+]i…

In this paper, we consider the problem of estimating multiple sparse, co-activated brain regions from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) observations belonging to different classes. More precisely, we propose a method to analyze similarities and differences in functional connectivity between children and young adults. Often, analysis is conducted on each class separately, and differences...

本文考虑从属于不同类别的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）观测中估计多个稀疏共激活脑区的问题。更确切地说，我们提出了一种方法来分析儿童与年轻成人之间功能连接的相似性和差异。通常，分析是针对每个类别分别进行的，而差异...

By resolving the energy of the incident X-ray photons, spectral X-ray imaging with photon counting detectors offers additional material-specific information compared to conventional X-ray imaging. This additional information can be used to improve clinical diagnosis for various applications. However, spectral imaging still faces several challenges. Amplified noise and a reduced signal-to-noise rat...

通过解析入射X射线光子的能量，使用光子计数探测器的光谱X射线成像相比传统X射线成像提供了额外的材料特异性信息。这些额外信息可用于改善各种应用的临床诊断。然而，光谱成像仍面临若干挑战。放大的噪声和降低的信噪比……

Due to a lack of fetal imaging coils, the standard commercial abdominal coil is often used for fetal imaging, the performance of which is limited by its insufficient coverage, element number, and Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this paper, a dedicated 36-channel coil array, of which size can best fit the body sizes of pregnancy gestation from 20 to 37+ weeks, was designed for fetal imaging at 3T. ...

由于缺乏胎儿成像线圈，通常使用标准商用腹部线圈进行胎儿成像，但其覆盖范围、单元数量和信噪比（SNR）有限。本文设计了一种专用36通道线圈阵列，其尺寸能够最佳匹配20至37+周妊娠期的身体尺寸，用于3T胎儿成像。

The increasing availability of digital pathology images has motivated the design of tools to foster multidisciplinary collaboration among researchers, pathologists, and computer scientists. Telepathology plays an important role in the development of collaborative tools, as it facilitates the transmission and access to pathology images by multiple users. However, the huge file size associated with ...

数字病理图像的日益普及推动了工具的设计，以促进研究人员、病理学家和计算机科学家之间的多学科合作。远程病理学在协作工具的开发中扮演重要角色，因为它便于多用户传输和访问病理图像。然而，与这些图像相关的巨大文件大小...

Establishing dense correspondences of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images is a crucial step for the attribute transfer and morphological variation assessment in clinical orthodontics. In this paper, a novel method, unsupervised spatially consistent clustering forest, is proposed to tackle the challenges for automatic supervoxel-wise correspondences of CBCT images. A complexity analysis of ...

建立锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）图像的密集对应是临床正畸中属性传递和形态变异评估的关键步骤。本文提出了一种新颖的无监督空间一致性聚类森林方法，以解决CBCT图像自动超体素级对应的挑战。对...的复杂性分析表明...

We present a set of multiscale frame-based kernels that can be used to construct diffeomorphic transformation in the large deformation diffeomorphic metric mapping (LDDMM) framework. We construct multiscale kernels via compact wavelet frames that are equipped with the hierarchical multiresolution analysis. We show that these kernels under certain conditions can form reproducing kernel Hilbert spac...

我们提出了一组多尺度基于框架的核，可用于在大形变微分同胚度量映射（LDDMM）框架中构造微分同胚变换。我们通过紧凑小波框架构建多尺度核，这些框架具有层次多分辨率分析。我们表明，这些核在特定条件下可以形成再生核希尔伯特空间……

Navigated 2-D multi-slice dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisitions are essential for MR guided therapies. This technique yields time-resolved volumetric images during free-breathing, which are ideal for visualizing and quantifying breathing induced motion. To achieve this, navigated dynamic imaging requires acquiring multiple navigator slices. Reducing the number of navigator slices w...

导引2D多切片动态磁共振成像（MRI）采集对于MR引导治疗至关重要。该技术可在自由呼吸期间生成时间分辨的体积图像，非常适合可视化和量化呼吸引起的运动。为了实现这一点，导引动态成像需要采集多个导引切片。减少导引切片的数量...

Presents the table of contents for this issue of the publication.

介绍本期出版物的目录。

These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for this publication. Presents information for authors publishing in this journal.

这些说明为准备本刊论文提供了指南。为在本期刊上发表文章的作者提供信息。

Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers.

特邀作者需提交新的、未发表的手稿，以纳入本次征稿通知中所述的即将举行的活动。

Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers.

诚邀有意投稿的作者提交新的、未发表的手稿，以纳入本次征稿通知中描述的即将举行的活动。

Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers.

诚邀潜在作者提交新的、未发表的手稿，以便纳入本次征稿通知中所述的即将举行的活动。

Presents a listing of the editorial board, board of governors, current staff, committee members, and/or society editors for this issue of the publication.

本期刊列出了本期出版物的编辑委员会、理事会、现任工作人员、委员会成员和/或学会编辑。